We don't really do firearms here in the UK. When I was a teenager I was fascinated by guns but a stint in the Army reserve soon cured me of that. I do however like historical weapons and as I've mentioned in another thread, have an interest in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870. Here's my model 1862 Dreyse needle gun, the second iteration of the M1841 ditto and the world's first bolt action rifle. The needle is missing but when fired would have passed through the main charge in its consumable paper cartridge, ignited a percussion cap at the base of the bullet and set off the main charge. Strangely there was no scabbard for the bayonet; on the march it was carried fixed, which must have been a bit inconvenient.
The M1841 won the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 by decimating the Austrians who had to stand to refill their muzzle loaders, whilst the Prussians could fire three times as fast from prone. Other European powers took note and by 1870 the French had developed the superior Chassepot, but the Prussians won anyway by virtue of their rifled artillery and making fewer many mistakes than the French.