There are pinholes on the back at the exact same positions as on the front where the lume is (at 6 and 12).
And the visibility of this pinholes depends on the thickness of the applied lume. There are different types of application of lume (thin or thicker layer) and they differ according to the time when the watch was made.
There is no confirmed statement regarding the point of this pinholes but for me the best conclusion is that they are some sort of alignment for the lume application.