I am not sure how to remove the melted rubber without damaging the dial/hands, but I do know the purpose of these “small blocks”. This is a system of extra shock protection for the movement. IWC also used this system in the Yacht Club. Replacement parts will probably be impossible to find. I have supplied my watchmaker with rubber o-ring of proper thickness (try 1 or 1.5mm) which he cut into lengths of approximately 5-6mm.
Hope this was helpful! Found picture worth a thousand words.
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