Hopefully this link works...
https://www.omegawatches.com/fileadmin/Customer_Service/omega_water_resistance_chart.pdf
In my view there are two issues usually mixed into one when this discussion comes up.
What most people comment on is really their level of tolerance for risk, rather than the factual information that Omega publishes. What Omega says and the testing done backs up, is that the watch can withstand the pressures at 50 m depth and not leak. If properly maintained (not just checked, but actually maintained so seals replaced regularly) then there's no reason a watch in good condition should not be able to be used in water. If anyone chooses to do so is up to them of course, and I do have vintage watches that even if they pass pressure testing I would not take them in the water - the risk, even if small, is too great. But for a modern watch that replacement parts are available, I would not hesitate if the watch had the rating and had been properly maintained.
As noted if you do the math, the idea that moving your arms through the water will cause huge extra pressures just isn't the case.
I have seen and repaired many flooded watches - Speedmasters, Seamasters, and all kinds of other watches with varying water resistance levels. The key to avoiding damage is checking and replacement of the seals...
Cheers, Al