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Just FYI - that's hardening, rather than tempering. Hardening is done by heating the steel to above critical temperature, then a rapid quench where the microstructure is transformed, hopefully to a very fine grain. Tempering is a lower temperature process done after hardening to draw back some hardness and make the steel tougher. It is often slowly air cooled after tempering, rather than quenched, but it depends on the steel.
Hardening temperatures are in the area of 1400 F, where tempering is more like baking a cake typically - 350 F or so...
Not in this case, with Japanese swords this IS tempering.
Yes, I am aware of this process, and how the Hamon is created during hardening. This is a process of preventing a portion of blade from being hardened, and this is called selective hardening in metallurgical terms. Another way of accomplishing this is flame hardening with a torch - you only heat up the cutting edge with the torch and not the spine of the blade, that way when the blade is quenched, the spine stays soft.
More specifically, the only part that is hardened is the knife edge, the rest is actually a tempering of the body.
The term Differential Tempering is correct for this process.