Earths rotation wont impact any aircraft speed indications. There are three basic aircraft speeds:
Indicated airspeed: basically the pressure difference across the aircraft converted into a speed. This determines aircraft performance such as some speed limits, stall, etc... At sea level, with no wind, this will be close to ground speed. This can also be understood as how many air molecules are passing the aircraft per amount of time.
True air speed: this is basically how fast you move through the air mass. At any altitude, with no wind, this will equal ground speed. At altitudes above sea level, this will be faster than indicated air speed because the thinner air results in reduced pressure differentials and fewer air molecules passing the aircraft. This speed can also be understood as how fast the air molecules pass the aircraft.
Ground speed: same as your car speedometer, how fast you are moving relative to the ground.
Because the earth's air mass moves with rotation, the earth's rotation does not significantly factor into these speeds. Typically you see faster ground speeds flying east than west because the prevailing winds at altitude are from west to east.
This said, the right combination of a hot day, high altitude, and a very strong tail wind can result in subsonic airspeeds being higher than a no wind, supersonic ground speed.
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