The numbers on the back are military markings. The "W10" portion at least means British Army. The rest of the markings have further meaning about the watch, but I'm not very familiar with what they all mean, and I'm sure that you can google it from here to find the rest of the meaning.
As to the correct strap for this watch, I am not sure. We have some members here that are extremely knowledgeable on SM300's so maybe one of them can help with that, and the non-screwdown crown. If this watch has fixed spring bars, I am assuming that it is in relation the to military markings on the back. Many watches intended for military purposes had fixed spring bars, as they were considered stronger and less likely to fail. At least, that is my understanding.
Lastly, did Omega happen to return you any of the original parts that they replaced during service?
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